RESILIENCIA URBANA Y LA OCURRENCIA DE DESASTRES EN C
URBAN RESILIENCE AND THE DISASTER OCCURRENCE IN TROPICAL CLIMATES: CONCEPTS, DEFINITIONS, AND INDICATORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.MIX2025.v11.n4.%25pPalabras clave:
Estrategias de prevención, Resiliencia adaptativa, Resiliencia inherente, Vulnerabilidad social, DesastresResumen
Resiliencia es un concepto complejo y multidimensional, generalmente observado y caracterizado tras la ocurrencia de un desastre. Para afinar su comprensión, se han introducido nociones de resiliencia adaptativa y resiliencia inherente, ambas aún recientes y difíciles de definir con precisión. Resiliencia adaptativa se refiere a los procesos y resultados que ocurren después del desastre, mientras que resiliencia inherente engloba la capacidad de resistencia y recuperación previa, sirviendo como base para fortalecer la resiliencia urbana. Diversos estudios han señalado la relación entre resiliencia e índices de vulnerabilidad social, lo que refuerza la necesidad de estructurar la resiliencia urbana según los objetivos de investigación. Este estudio tuvo como propósito analizar dichas definiciones y relacionarlas con eventos adversos, con el fin de mapear la resiliencia urbana a nivel internacional y contribuir al análisis y mitigación de desastres. La revisión también examinó indicadores empleados en contextos tropicales para evaluar vulnerabilidades sociales, así como los desastres más discutidos en la literatura. Los resultados ofrecen evidencia útil para responsables de políticas públicas y gestores de riesgo, orientada al desarrollo de estrategias que fortalezcan la resiliencia, especialmente en climas tropicales, contribuyendo así a la adaptación al cambio climático y la mitigación de eventos de alto impacto.
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