Mix Sustentável

16TH GOAL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY ON THE ROLE OF INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE

2024-12-11T14:40:49+00:00

The 16th goal of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development highlights the importance of developing capacities for crime prevention. Thus, the objective of this article was to verify whether in a Brazilian college entrance hall there are physical space components that reduce surveillance, encouraging unauthorized people to enter the building. At this college, a student was stolen inside their classroom by a supposed intruder. The method uses the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design approach for on-site observation and analysis (qualitative part), the Space Syntax Theory using the DephtMapX software to produce the visibility map (quantitative part) and the Photoshop program for image processing. The results revealed that the large number of entry and exit points, the layout (control desk and turnstiles) and the positioning of the street access door, stairs and pillars are the elements of the physical space that reduce surveillance in the entrance hall. Finally, this work shows procedures for analyzing internal spaces with a focus on crime prevention, highlighting the role of Interior Architecture in achieving the 16th goal of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development.

BUILDABILITY ASSESSMENT OF BRAZILIAN PROJECTS WITH INTERNATIONAL METHODS

2024-12-09T14:34:36+00:00

In the construction industry, it is usual to find that a design is harder to build than originally expected. This difficulty can be generally explained and assessed through the concept of buildability, which is also used to obtain better designs for projects. To assess buildability an assessment model well-adapted to the practices and aims of the local construction sector is required. This, in turn, demands consensus among industry players. This paper investigates the potential of applying and adapting existing buildability assessment methods to projects in foreign countries, serving as an easier route for general adoption. A case study was conducted in which the buildability of several Brazilian project designs was assessed, using foreign methods conceived for different places and contexts. It was found that the adaptation process required for the assessment was mostly successful, especially when the domestic designs matched the construction practices, size, and purpose of the original buildings for which the assessment method was conceived. However, the potential to direct designers to more buildable solutions was still limited in most cases.

Paper EFFECTS OF NON-STATIONARY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT INFRASTRUCTURE

2024-12-11T14:48:56+00:00

Road networks are vital links for people and freight transportation, influencing the environment and socio-economic development worldwide. Under restricted budgets, the sustainable management of massive roadway inventories to ensure adequate serviceability, safety, and durability has been a big challenge for infrastructure authorities. Climate change cannot be underestimated since it may require innovative practices, management strategies, and budgeting. This paper discusses impacts, resilience, and sustainability of flexible pavement infrastructure under non-stationary climatic conditions, addressing the following key issues: i) The effects of weather and climate on structural pavement performance; ii) The most relevant changes in weather and climate affecting the road transport infrastructure; iii) Projections of changes in weather and climate relevant to the road transport infrastructure; iv) Potential impacts of climate changes on pavement infrastructure throughout future years; v) Strategies to adapt flexible pavement infrastructure in response to a changing climate; and vi) The role of life cycle sustainability assessment of flexible pavement infrastructure to identify and manage economic, environmental and social impacts while ensuring its resilient capability to a changing climate. Considering the relevance of Brazil for South America, an emerging and continental country, the discussion establishes a link between the Brazilian road network context and the worldwide perspective.

GREEN SPACES AND NATURAL ELEMENTS IN THE ARCHITECTURAL CONFIGURATION OF LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES FOR OLDER ADULTS

2024-12-09T14:37:21+00:00

The aging process entails changes that require attention to ensure the well-being of older people. The difficulty of families in offering support in the face of daily demands often leads them to search for care facilities. Although the rights to housing and well-being are legally guaranteed, the effective implementation of these rights is hampered by inadequate approaches by facilities, which often disregard the cognitive needs of older people. Given the influence of built spaces on quality of life, it is crucial to ensure that Long-Term Care facilities for Older Adults provide facilities conducive to successful aging. Although studies recognize the benefits of green spaces for older adults, integrating these elements in built environments can be better explored. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) seeks to identify the preferences of older people regarding green spaces and natural elements in the architecture of Long-Term Care facilities. The research covers articles in the Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Results indicate a preference for comfortable, safe, accessible, familiar environments with vegetation and natural views. It is concluded that contact with nature is essential in the institutionalized experience of older people, thus reinforcing the importance of architectural adaptations sensitive to their preferences.

IMPACT NOISE ISOLATION OF FLOOR SYSTEMS USING PLASTERBOARD CEILING WITH AND WITHOUT PET WOOL

2024-09-12T21:21:38+00:00

The acoustic insulation against impact noise of two floor systems was evaluated, using plasterboard lining installed under a prefabricated ribbed slab with prestressed joists, combined with PET wool in the lining. The tests followed the requirements of the ISO 16283-2 standard (ISO, 2020), and the data in accordance with the ISO 717-2 standard (ISO, 2020). Performance was classified by the values of the L'_nT,wresults established in the Brazilian standard NBR 15575-3 (ABNT, 2021). The flooring systems were composed of ceramic floors, vinyl floors, laminated wood floors and mechanical decoupling of the subfloor with glass wool and recycled rubber. Two situations were tested, with plasterboard lining (150 mm gap), and the second with filling the gap with 50 mm PET wool. From the experiments it was possible to conclude that the placement of 50 mm of PET wool blanket in the gap improved impact noise isolation by up to 3 dB, only in systems where there is no mechanical decoupling. Note that the better the impact noise insulation of the flooring system without PET wool in the lining, the less efficient the placement of this fibrous material will be.

STRATEGIC DECISIONS: A SUPPORT MODEL FOR PRIORITIZING PROJECTS IN THE BRAZILIAN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

2025-01-30T18:15:10+00:00

Efficient transportation infrastructure is vital for the economy and society, but it requires significant resources and often has negative impacts. Integrating sustainability into decision-making for such projects is gaining momentum, yet they often suffer from cost overruns and delays despite extensive research. This study proposes an innovative action model to prioritize projects within Brazil's complex transportation infrastructure, considering financial viability, socioeconomic impact, and environmental sustainability. The model aims to optimize resources and promote equitable development. Its development involved defining objectives, reviewing literature, involving stakeholders, setting criteria, developing, validating, piloting, and documenting results. It covers aspects like prioritization, resource allocation, challenge mitigation, alignment with national goals, stakeholder involvement, and adaptability. Critical points such as economic impacts, risk assessment, environmental and social sustainability, technological innovation, resilience to extreme events, and transparency are also addressed. Overall, the study offers a holistic approach to prioritize projects and promote sustainable development in Brazil's transportation sector.

RISK ASSESSMENT OF A POTENTIAL EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SULFATE ATTACK IN POZZOLANIC CEMENTITIOUS MATRICES

2025-01-18T14:11:00+00:00

This work evaluated the behavior of cementitious composites against internal and external attack by sulfates (ISA and ESA, respectively) over time, as well as the mitigating potential of Brazilian cements considered pozzolanic. Three pozzolanic cements called sulfate resistant according to Brazilian standards were evaluated, coming from three regions of Brazil, in addition to a reference cement, with high initial resistance. Based on evaluations by Brazilian (ABNT) and American (ASTM) standardization, it was found that the use of pozzolanic additions to cement brings mainly mechanical and durability improvements in relation to external sulfate attack, however, depending on the standardization adopted, it is not possible to say whether it contributed to the mitigation of this attack. In relation to ISA assessments, no cement proved to be effective. Therefore, among the four cements tested, considering the criteria adopted in the study, no cement could be considered to mitigate expansions caused by both sulfate attacks, external - (ESA) and internal - (ISA).

LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY (LCI) OF A MECHANICAL GEARBOX MANUFACTURING PROCESS

2024-09-12T21:49:40+00:00

The metal-mechanical industry bears an environmental responsibility with respect to the proper use of natural resources. This translates into constant efforts to develop processes and products with optimum use of raw materials, incorporate clean technologies and reduce waste generation. A life cycle assessment (LCA) is an environmental resource management tool that evaluates all stages in the life cycle of a product or process. In this study, a simplified LCA was applied to the manufacturing process of a mechanical gearbox. Primary data from a life cycle inventory (LCI) were used to determine the mass balance of solid metallic waste per functional unit (FU) and energy balance. The energy balance was of 56.96kWh/FU, acquired through free market supply. Thus, the LCI was able identify possible the environmental aspects and impacts which could be used as future guidelines

SUSTAINABLE MAINTENANCE OF AGING REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES: EVALUATING DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR EARLY DETECTION OF REINFORCEMENT CORROSION

2024-12-12T13:19:34+00:00

Reinforcement corrosion is a critical issue affecting the durability of reinforced concrete structures, particularly in Brazilian urban buildings now 40 to 50 years old. Sustainable management of these aging structures is essential to extend their service life and reduce the environmental impact of demolition and reconstruction. Repairing these structures, rather than demolishing them, significantly lowers the consumption of raw materials and construction waste, aligning with sustainability principles. Early corrosion detection is crucial for timely maintenance, helping preserve structural integrity and avoid unnecessary replacements, further minimizing environmental impacts. This study, part of a doctoral thesis, evaluates diagnostic techniques based on corrosion potential measurements to support sustainable infrastructure management. Full-scale reinforced concrete beams were subjected to induced corrosion using the Modified Immersion Accelerated Corrosion (CAIM) method, targeting 5%, 10%, and 15% mass loss levels. The results showed significant uncertainty in corrosion potential diagnostics at 5% and 10% mass loss, making early-stage assessments inconclusive. However, at 15% mass loss, the method produced satisfactory results, indicating its reliability at more advanced stages. The study highlights the need for more accurate diagnostic tools for early corrosion detection to promote sustainable maintenance and reduce environmental and economic costs from structural failure and replacement.

SOUNDSCAPE AND NOISE MAP OF A HOSPITAL AREA IN A SMALL CITY

2025-01-18T14:21:35+00:00

his article investigates noise pollution in hospital areas, focusing on the Hospital de Caridade e Beneficência (HCB) in Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. Through field measurements and simulations using the iNoise software, sound pressure levels around the hospital and the local population's perception of noise impact were analyzed. The results indicate that noise levels exceed the limits established by NBR 10.151, with values reaching up to 61.7 dB, while the allowed limit for residential and hospital areas is 50 dB. The main noise-generating factors are vehicular traffic and machinery. Despite the high noise levels, respondents’ perceptions revealed an adaptation to the noise, with many considering the environment calm. It is concluded that, even in smaller cities, noise pollution affects sensitive areas such as hospitals, making it necessary to implement acoustic mitigation measures to ensure user comfort.

ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF LIMESTONE WASTE IN AGGLOMERATED SYSTEMS BASED ON A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2025-01-30T18:15:49+00:00

Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcite and aragonite, both composed of CaCO3, and may contain magnesium (dolomite). Its mining causes environmental problems due to the inadequate disposal of the waste generated. This study aims to identify the applicability of limestone waste from rocks in agglomerated systems and to evaluate the techniques used to analyze these wastes and their products. The limestone waste used is generally calcitic and comes from quarries that extract carbonate rocks. Chemical and/or mineralogical analysis of waste does not present an indispensable preliminary analysis, and there is no predominance of a complete characterization of the particle size, shape and texture. Furthermore, most studies do not describe the state of the waste at the collection site and do not address the method of preparing the waste for use. Limestone waste is generally applied in the form of a filler, partially replacing fine aggregate or cement in mortars. The studies analyzed showed that its use in mortar production is viable and beneficial and can maximize new research on the use of waste, as well as help reduce the extraction of non-renewable natural resources.

THE FIRST STEPS TO N95: LOW-TECH AND ADAPTED EQUIPMENT TO AUTONOMOUS DEVELOPMENT OF PLASTIC MICROFIBER FOR MASK FILTERING

2024-10-17T14:59:25+00:00

The pandemic has brought unprecedented obstacles. One of the critical challenges was the shortage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Additive manufacturing has emerged as a viable solution to solve the shortage of PPE. Developed 3D-printed masks were a way to combat the market shortage, but producing the filter element is still an obstacle. This study documents research into the feasibility of applying the plastic casting technique using centrifugal melt spinning, a possible way of replicating existing processes. The concept is simple and similar to the way cotton candy is made. The aim is to point out possible ways of using distributed manufacturing and recycling and adapting local infrastructure to manufacture viable filters, comparing them with those generated using traditional methods.

GREEN CREATIVE DESIGN FOSTERING A SUSTAINABLE MENTAL MODEL

2025-02-18T16:49:22+00:00

Green creativity has emerged as a vital field in sustainability research, emphasizing the integration of creative processes with environmental responsibility. Literature on green creativity highlights its role in generating eco-innovations and fostering awareness of sustainable practices through design. Engagement in sustainability initiatives often depends on such creativity-driven approaches, which encourage individuals to view sustainability as part of their core values and social identity. This study explores how a creative framework based on green creativity and design techniques can effectively promote sustainable engagement. The method involved adapting a Creative Framework for the “Cidades pelo Clima” project (CpC), to engage participants in sustainable issues. It helped establish shared values and collective goals, empowering participants to actively contribute to environmental solutions. Results demonstrate that green creativity not only enhances team cohesion and motivation but also embeds sustainability into participants' mental models, fostering long-term commitment to eco-conscious behaviors. The research contributes to the field of sustainable design by showcasing how creativity can serve as a catalyst for promoting long-term engagement and fostering sustainable mental models

PROPOSITION AND DISCUSSION ON LOW-CARBON BUILDING TECHNOLOGY - LCBT

2025-03-06T13:43:28+00:00

Society faces a unique challenge: reducing CO₂ emissions associated with its productive activities. This goal is particularly relevant to the construction sector, which accounts for 37% of global greenhouse gas emissions. However, the initiatives undertaken in this sector have not yielded satisfactory results. This article proposes and discusses principles that contribute to the formulation and development of low-impact building technologies. The hypothesis posits that organizing architectural production significantly contributes to its unsustainability, with this organization being a central aspect of technology. As a methodological approach, the study employed logical argumentation supported by a literature review on technology, sustainability, and low-carbon practices. The research outcome involves identifying and characterizing seven principles: permanent building, non-alienated labor, man-nature integration, less energy, self-determination, productive rationality, and popular empowerment. These principles define Low-Carbon Building Technology and suggest a framework for reorganizing production processes to make them less carbon-intensive.

DISEÑO PARAMÉTRICO PARA EL DISEÑO RESILIENTE EN LATINOAMÉRICA

2025-01-18T14:11:24+00:00

In recent years, with the continuous increase in the effects of climate change on people's health, the concept of resilient design has gained traction. However, one of the regions most affected by this phenomenon is Latin America, as it experiences high levels of thermal variability, which negatively impacts the comfort of its inhabitants and increases the energy demand of buildings. In this context, understanding that the use of digital technologies, parametric measures, and optimisation tools allows for designs that respond to various climatic requirements, the aim of this article is to identify the potential of parametric design for resilience in Latin American cities. To achieve this, a systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA method. As a result, it was found that there are two main approaches to applying resilience through parametric design and a range of specialised software that can be adapted to the objectives set by each author. Finally, it was concluded that, although urban morphology influences the resilience of a place, the building envelope is an essential factor when discussing resilient design, and parametric characteristics make a significant contribution to this in terms of energy efficiency.