USO DE ESCORIA DE HORNO DE ARCO ELÉCTRICO EN LA ACELERACIÓN DE LA CARBONATACIÓN
USE OF ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE STEELMAKING SLAG IN ACCELERATED CARBONATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.MIX2025.v11.n2.165-175Palabras clave:
Carbonatación acelerada; Escoria de acería de horno eléctrico de arco; Secuestro de carbonoResumen
La valorización de los residuos industriales en la industria siderúrgica es de gran interés dentro del modelo de economía circular y en la idealización de estrategias para el secuestro de carbono. Actualmente, debido a políticas sostenibles, aumenta el número de plantas de procesos industriales en fábricas de acero, donde se realiza el cambio del sistema de fabricación de acero mediante hornos de oxígeno básico (HOB) por hornos eléctricos de arco (HEA). En comparación con el HOB, el HEA tiene la ventaja de utilizar una fuente de energía renovable y reutilizar chatarra para la producción de acero, reduciendo así la emisión de gases contaminantes. El proceso con HEA genera subproductos, como la escoria, cuya composición química difiere de los residuos del proceso HOB, lo que limita su uso en aplicaciones convencionales en la construcción, como en obras de infraestructura o como aditivo en el cemento. El proceso de carbonatación acelerada permite que las reacciones entre el CO2 y los óxidos presentes en la escoria de acería HEA ocurran en menos tiempo en el reactor, logrando un aumento significativo en la resistencia a la compresión y la estabilidad química de las muestras, en comparación con la carbonatación del material en condiciones atmosféricas.
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