DISEÑAR PARA EL DESMANTELAMIENTO: UNA REVISIÓN DE LA EVALUACIÓN DEL CICLO DE VIDA (LCA) DE LAS ESTRUCTURAS DE HORMIGÓN
PROJETAR PARA DESMONTAR: REVISÃO SOBRE A AVALIAÇÃO DO CICLO DE VIDA (ACV) DE ESTRUTURAS DE CONCRETO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.MIX2023.v9.n2.157-170Palabras clave:
Proyectar para la deconstrucción, proyectar para desmontar, Análisis del Ciclo de Vida, impactos ambientales, estructura de hormigónResumen
El sector de la construcción se ha convertido en un importante motivo de preocupación medioambiental, sobre todo en lo que respecta a las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y la generación de residuos. Una forma de mitigar tales impactos es la sustitución de un sistema lineal por un modelo de Economía Circular (EC). En este modelo, el reciclaje de Residuos de Construcción y Demolición (RCD) es una práctica ampliamente estudiada desde hace más de 20 años, mientras que la investigación sobre la reutilización de elementos de construcción a partir de la metodología del diseño para la deconstrucción (DfD, Design for Deconstruction/Disassembly) sólo ha cobrado protagonismo en los últimos cinco años. Entre estas investigaciones, la evaluación de la sostenibilidad mediante indicadores medioambientales es aún más escasa. De esta forma, el presente artículo realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura, reuniendo trabajos que abordan los principales avances de la práctica DfD, centrándose en estructuras de concreto armado bajo la perspectiva de la Evaluación del Ciclo de Vida (ACV).
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