JARDINS DE CHUVA: ATUALIZAÇÕES SOBRE A TÉCNICA A PARTIR DE UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
RAIN GARDENS: TECHNIQUE UPDATES BASED ON A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.MIX2023.v9.n5.201-215Palavras-chave:
Jardim de chuva; Infraestrutura verde; soluções baseadas na natureza; poluição difusaResumo
O processo de urbanização acarreta degradação das águas urbanas, pelo aumento da poluição difusa carreada para os córregos. Técnicas de infraestrutura verde têm sido utilizadas como uma alternativa de cidades para o controle da poluição dos rios e adaptação as mudanças climáticas. O Jardim de Chuva se destaca por reduzir do escoamento superficial, e atuar filtrando a poluição difusa. Apesar de utilizadas há mais de 30 anos nos EUA, no Brasil ainda é pouco conhecida. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentaras pesquisas recentes sobre jardins de chuva, e estimular a disseminação dessa prática no Brasil. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática sobre o tema. A pesquisa resultou em 69 artigos, de 11 diferentes paísesnos temas: (1) Custos de instalação e operação; (2) Capacidade de retenção de água; (3) Controle de poluição; (4) Aspectos construtivos e operacionais e (5) Fatores socioambientais. As publicações mais atuais se preocupam mais com os custos da manutenção das estruturas, além de métodos de avaliação sobre a eficiência dos mesmos. Existe no Brasil a necessidade de maior quantidade de estudos sobre o tema, de forma a aprimorar o conhecimento e aumentar a divulgação da técnica.
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