A irregularidade constitucional da diáspora haitiana: degeneração sistêmica e migração forçada

Abstract

Introduction: The Haitian Constitution of 1987 was a milestone in the country's political history, aiming to establish a democratic system after long periods of authoritarian rule. This constitution was designed to safeguard fundamental rights and establish fair and equitable institutions. However, persistent challenges have led to a continuous erosion of these promises.

Objective: This study seeks to explore how constitutional irregularity and systemic degeneration in Haiti have driven the migration of vulnerable populations, particularly the Haitian diaspora, to destinations such as Brazil, Latin America, the United States, and Europe, from the perspective of health and labor.

Methodology: A literature review was conducted using sources indexed in SciELO and Google Scholar, covering the period from 1986 to 2016, focusing on descriptors related to the Haitian constitution, Haitian migration, and the impacts of international intervention.

Results: The analysis reveals that political instability and insecurity have been catalysts for migration, especially among the Haitian middle class, which seeks refuge and opportunities in other nations due to the inability to progress in an environment of constant insecurity. International political interference has exacerbated these conditions, placing Haiti in a peripheral position in its own political and economic decisions.

Conclusion: The need to restructure governance in Haiti is evident, as is the importance of reassessing international relations to minimize interference that undermines autonomy and internal stability. Understanding Haitian migration requires an approach that considers both internal failures and external pressures shaping the migratory trajectories of these vulnerable populations.